Can you give me some tips to write a Literature Essay?

I got a low mark in my exams since I barely explained the comparison and contrast between the two stories I was given. So, (after I slapped myself silly) and made myself feel determined I decided to power-work my *** off on Literature. Anyhow, I want a list of what can be included in this particular essay (Such as Caricature, Imagery, Setting - WHAT ELSE?) Thanks